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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

PharmacoGenetics

• Epigenetic Modulation of Tumor Suppressor and Oncogene Networks

• Mehrsa Karim,¹ Mina Shirmohammadpour,² Bahman Mirzaei,^3,*
  1. Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  2. Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  3. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran
  
  
  
• Introduction: Aberrant epigenetic modifications play a central role in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance by dysregulating key signaling pathways. Understanding the interplay between epigenetic regulation and oncogenic signaling offers opportunities for developing targeted and personalized therapies. This review summarizes recent advances in epigenetic mechanisms affecting cancer signaling and their therapeutic implications.
• Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted for studies published between 2016 and 2024. Focus was placed on DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, and their effects on major cancer signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and p53-mediated networks.
• Results: Aberrant DNA methylation and histone modification patterns have been shown to activate oncogenes and silence tumor suppressors, thereby influencing cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, modulate critical signaling cascades and contribute to therapy resistance. Epigenetic drugs, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors, demonstrate efficacy in reprogramming aberrant signaling, particularly when combined with targeted therapies. Challenges remain, including tumor heterogeneity, transient epigenetic effects, and off-target toxicities.
• Conclusion: Integrating epigenetic insights with cancer signaling research provides a promising avenue for precision oncology. Continued investigation into epigenetic regulators and their interaction with signaling pathways is essential for developing durable, targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes.
• Keywords: cancer signaling, DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA, targeted therapy