INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF
PharmacoGenetics
Pharmacogenetics of CYP450: A Pathway to Tailored Drug Therapy
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Samane Lotfipour,1,* Abbasali Raz,2 Rosa Jahangiri,3
1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
2. Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
- Introduction: According to pharmacogenomics, the identification of genetic variations that impact drug activity will lead to the development of novel therapeutic agents and diagnostic techniques, enabling medications to be prescribed only to patients for whom they are safe and effective. Dosage recommendations, annotated drug labels, and possibly useful gene–drug and genotype–phenotype connections are among the clinically significant data it offers. Inter-individual variability in drug response, whether it be safety or efficacy, is widespread and is expected to become a bigger issue globally as the number of elderly people in need of treatment rises. The lack of effectiveness of medication therapies and the side effects attributed to them, stems mostly from interindividual variability in drug disposition.
- Methods: In this review we explored articles about pharmacogenetics of CYP450 in google scholar and pubmed data bases.
- Results: The liver eliminates most drugs through metabolism by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, particularly those from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 families. Variability in enzyme expression and activity among individuals is influenced by enzyme induction, inhibition, and genetic polymorphisms. This variability increases the risk of ineffective or harmful medication responses. Among the various CYP enzymes, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 show greater interindividual variability in activity due to genetic polymorphisms compared to other drug-metabolizing enzymes such as CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6. Pharmacogenomics is the field dedicated to understanding how genetic differences affect therapeutic benefits and risks.
- Conclusion: This field of study is important in oncology, since lack of treatment is often lethal for patients. The present application and prospects for the future of molecular genetic characterization of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) in medication discovery and treatment are highlighted in this study.
- Keywords: Cytochrome P450, Drug metabolism, Pharmacogenetics, Drug Therapy
