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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

PharmacoGenetics

• Safety and Long Term Effectiveness of Psychotropic and Stimulant Medications in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Population Based Multi Provincial Cohort Study and Systematic Review

• MehrAra Akanchi,^1,* Danial Mirhosseini Vakili,² Mohammad Mahdi Akanchi,³
  1. Islamic Azad University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran
  2. Islamic Azad University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran
  3. Medical science University of Gilan, Iran
  
  
  
• Introduction: Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects 5–7% of children and 2.5% of adults worldwide. (14) Stimulant medications, including Methylphenidate (MPH) and Amphetamines (AMP), are the most common treatments but raise concerns regarding their long-term cardiovascular and psychiatric safety. Objective: This research conducts a comprehensive review of the long-term cardiovascular and mental health safety, alongside the efficacy of stimulant medications in children with ADHD by utilizing extensive cohort datasets and meta-analytic information
• Methods: A comprehensive review of research published from 2010 to 2025 was performed. Evaluated outcomes encompassed major cardiovascular events, variations in heart rate and blood pressure, occurrence of psychotic symptoms, and enhancements in functionality and academic performance.
• Results: There were 0.92 new heart incidents and 3.08 new heart symptoms for every 1,000,000 days of ongoing stimulant consumption. In comparison to the absence of stimulant use (reference group), the modified odds of the ratio of cardiac events was 0.69 (95%CI=0.42–1.12) with current stimulant use and 1.18 (95%CI=0.83–1.66) in relation to previous use of stimulants. The relevant modified odds ratios for cardiac symptoms were 1.18 (95%CI=0.89–1.59) for the present and 0.93 (95%CI=0.71–1.21) for previous use of stimulants. No notable differences were detected in the risks of cardiovascular incidents (2.14, 95%CI=0.82–5.63) or symptoms (1.08, 95%CI=0.66–1.79) related to present methylphenidate usage in comparison to amphetamine usage. (5) Psychosis incidence: This comes about to show that methylphenidate treatment for ADHD does not increment insane indications within the short-term or long-term in patients with and without previous psychosis. There are a few recommendations in their opinion that methylphenidate might, in truth, diminish the hazard of a maniacal scene, especially in patients with a history of psychosis. (8) ADHD sign course inside the to start with 3 a long time expected 55% of the comes about MTA individuals fared more horrendous than LNCG on 91% of the variables attempted. (+12% GPA, improved social adjustment, reduced substance misuse) (10) There were 0.92 new heart incidents and 3.08 new heart symptoms for every 1,000,000 days of ongoing stimulant consumption. In comparison to the absence of stimulant use (reference group), the modified odds of the ratio of cardiac events was 0.69 (95%CI=0.42–1.12) with current stimulant use and 1.18 (95%CI=0.83–1.66) in relation to previous use of stimulants. The relevant modified odds ratios for cardiac symptoms were 1.18 (95%CI=0.89–1.59) for the present and 0.93 (95%CI=0.71–1.21) for previous use of stimulants. No notable differences were detected in the risks of cardiovascular incidents (2.14, 95%CI=0.82–5.63) or symptoms (1.08, 95%CI=0.66–1.79) related to present methylphenidate usage in comparison to amphetamine usage. (5) Psychosis incidence: This comes about to show that methylphenidate treatment for ADHD does not increment insane indications within the short-term or long-term in patients with and without previous psychosis. There are a few recommendations in their opinion that methylphenidate might, in truth, diminish the hazard of a maniacal scene, especially in patients with a history of psychosis. (8) ADHD sign course inside the to start with 3 a long time expected 55% of the comes about MTA individuals fared more horrendous than LNCG on 91% of the variables attempted. (+12% GPA, improved social adjustment, reduced substance misuse) (10)
• Conclusion: When carefully watched, stimulant treatment—especially MPH—is safe and works well for kids with ADHD, with the good sides being more important than the rare risks.
• Keywords: ADHD, amphetamine, Methylphenidate, children, stimulant